Insect Behavior and Biocontrol Research Unit : People & Places

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Stephen D. Hight

Research Entomologist

Publications (Clicking on the reprint icon

will take you to the publication reprint.)

Comparison of laboratory and field bioassays of lab-reared Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) quality and field performance. - (Peer Reviewed Journal) - (08-Jan-13)

Rearing the oligophagous Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepideptera: Pyralidae) on meridic diets without host plant materials - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Carpenter, J.E., Hight, S.D. 2012. Rearing the oligophagous Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepideptera: Pyralidae) on meridic diets without host plant materials. Florida Entomologist. 95(4):1132-1141.

Performance of cactoblastis cactorum (Berg)(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) on South and North American Opuntia species occurring in Argentina - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Varone, L., Mariana, M., Logarzo, G.A., Briano, J., Hight, S.D., Carpenter, J.E. 2012. Performance of cactoblastis cactorum (Berg)(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) on South and North American Opuntia species occurring in Argentina. Florida Entomologist. 95(4):1163-1173.

External morphology of the egg of the native (Melitara prodenialis) and exotic (Cactoblastis cactorum) cactus moths (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Baker, G.T., Hight, S.D., Brown, R.L. 2012. External morphology of the egg of the native (Melitara prodenialis) and exotic (Cactoblastis cactorum) cactus moths (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 114(4):433-438.

Economic Impact of Tropical Soda Apple (Solanum viarum) On Florida Cattle Production - (Peer Reviewed Journal) - (02-Sep-12)

Opportunities for improving risk communication during the permitting process for entomophagous biological control agents: a review of current systems - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Paraiso, O., Kairo, M., Hight, S.D., Leppla, N.C., Cuda, J.P., Owens, M., Olexa, M.T. 2013. Opportunities for improving risk communication during the permitting process for entomophagous biological control agents: a review of current systems. Biocontrol. 58(1):1-15.

Revealing the elusive sex pheromone of the renowned cactus moth, Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae): A tribute to Robert Heath - (Abstract Only) - (11-May-12)

Quality control tests of lab-reared Cydia pomonella and Cactoblastis cactorum field performance: Comparison of laboratory and field bioassays. - (Abstract Only) - (11-May-12)

Successful biological control of tropical soda apple in Florida - (Popular Publication)

Diaz, R., Hibbard, K.L., Roda, A., Amalin, D., Fox, A.J., Hight, S.D., Medal, J., Stansly, P.A., Overholt, W.A. 2012. Successful biological control of tropical soda apple in Florida. Florida Cattleman. 76(5):32,34,36,38.

"Is post hoc development of risk management in weed biocontrol too late? Lessons learned from Cactoblastis cactorum" - (Abstract Only) - (19-Sep-11)

Tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum) mediated competition via induced resistance: Interaction between Gratiana boliviana, Spodoptera exigua and Frankliniella occidentalis

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Kariuki, E.M., Hix, R.L., Reitz, S.R., Hight, S.D., Kairo, M. 2011. Tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum) mediated competition via induced resistance: Interaction between Gratiana boliviana, Spodoptera exigua and Frankliniella occidentalis. Florida Entomologist. 94(3):608-612.

Laboratory biological parameters of Trichogramma fuentesi (Hymenoptera:Trichogrammatidae), an egg parasitoid of Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Paraiso, O., Hight, S.D., Kairo, M., Bloem, S., Carpenter, J.E., Reitz, S.R. 2012. Laboratory biological parameters of Trichogramma Fuentesi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), an egg parasitoid of Cactoblastis Cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Florida Entomologist. 95(1):1-7.

Evaluation of mortality factors using life table analysis of Gratiana boliviana, a biological control agent of tropical soda apple in Florida - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Manrique, V., Diaz, R., Overholt, W.A., Hight, S.D. 2011. Evaluation of mortality factors using life table analysis of Gratiana boliviana, a biological control agent of tropical soda apple in Florida. Biological Control. 59(3):354-360.

Regarding the role of new host associations in the success of Cactoblastis cactorum as both a biological control agent and invasive species. - (Proceedings) - (27-Jun-11)

Egg parasitoids attacking Cactoblastis Cactorum (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) in north Florida - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Paraiso, O., Hight, S.D., Kairo, M., Bloem, S. 2011. Egg parasitoids attacking Cactoblastis Cactorum (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) in north Florida. Florida Entomologist. 94(1):81-90.

The Multiple 'Personalities' of Cactoblastis cactorum: A Multi-Disciplinary Response to the Biological Impacts of the Moth's Geographical Wanderings - (Proceedings) - (13-Dec-10)

Development of Quality Control Procedures for Lepidoptera - (Abstract Only)

Carpenter, J.E., Simmons, G., Blomefield, T., Hight, S.D. 2010. Development of Quality Control Procedures for Lepidoptera. International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC) Global Working Group on Arthropod Mass Rearing and Quality Control (AMRQC) October 19-22, 2010, Vienna, Austria.

Biological control of tropical soda apple (Solanaceae) in Florida: post-release evaluation - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Medal, J., Bustamente, N., Overholt, W.A., Diaz, R., Stansly, P., Roda, A., Amalin, D., Hibbard, K., Gaskalla, R., Sellers, B., Hight, S.D., Cuda, J. 2010. Biological control of tropical soda apple (Solanaceae) in Florida: post-release evaluation. Florida Entomologist. 93(1):130-132.

Releases, distribution and abundance of Gratiana boliviana (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a biological control agent of tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum, Solanaceae), in Florida - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Overholt, W.A., Diaz, R., Hibbard, K., Roda, A., Amalin, D., Fox, A., Hight, S.D., Medal, J., Stansly, P., Carlisle, B., Walter, J., Hogue, P., Gary, L., Wiggens, L., Kirby, C., Crawford, S. 2009. Releases, distribution and abundance of Gratiana boliviana (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a biological control agent of tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum, Solanaceae), in Florida. Florida Entomologist. 92:450-457.

SURVEY FOR EGG PARASITOIDS ATTACKING CACTOBLASTIS CACTORUM IN NORTH FLORIDA - (Abstract Only)

Paraiso, O., Kairo, M., Bloem, S., Hight, S.D. 2009. Survey for egg parasitoids attacking Cactoblastis cactorum in North Florida. Meeting Abstract.

Oviposition preference of Cactoblastis catorum (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) in caged choice experiments and the influence of risk assessment of F1 sterility - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Tate, C.D., Hight, S.D., Carpenter, J.E. 2009. Oviposition preference of Cactoblastis catorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in caged choice experiments and the influence of risk assessment of F1 sterility. Biocontrol Science and Technology. 19:317-333.

Flight phenology of male Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) at different latitudes in the southeastern United States - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hight, S.D., Carpenter, J.E. 2009. Flight phenology of male Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) at different latitudes in the southeastern United States. Florida Entomologist. 92(2):208-216.

Identification of factors influencing flight performance of field-collected and laboratory-reared, overwintered, and nonoverwintered cactus moths fed with field-collected host plants - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Sarvary, M.A., Hight, S.D., Carpenter, J.E., Bloem, S., Bloem, K.A., Dorn, S. 2008. Identification of factors influencing flight performance of field-collected and laboratory-reared, overwintered, and nonoverwintered cactus moths fed with field-collected host plants. Environmental Entomology. 37(5):1291-1299.

DEVELOPMENT OF CONTROL TACTICS AGAINST THE INVASIVE CACTUS MOTH, CACTOBLASTIS CACTORUM, IN NORTH AMERICA - (Abstract Only)

Hight, S.D., Carpenter, J.E., Bloem, S., Bloem, K.A., Floyd, J. 2008. Development of control tactics against the invasive cactus moth, cactoblastis cactorum, in North America. XXIII International Congress of Entomology, Durban, South Africa. Meeting Abstract.

Eradication and containment of Cactolbastis cactorum in Mexico and the United States - (Proceedings)

Hight, S.D., Carpenter, J.E., Bloem, S., Bloem, K.A., Floyd, J. 2008. Development of control tactics against the invasive cactus moth, cactoblastis cactorum, in North America. XXlll International Congress of Entomology,Durban, South Africa. Meeting Abstract.

UNDERSTANDING THE FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE GEOGRAPHICAL EXPANSION OF CACTOBLASTIS CACTORUM IN NON-NATIVE HABITATS - (Abstract Only)

Bloem, S., Bloem, K., Hight, S.D., Carpenter, J.E., Dorn, S., Sarvary, M., Zimmermann, H., Floyd, J. 2008. Understanding the factors that influence the geographical expansion of cactoblastis cactorum in non-native habitats. XXIII Internatinal Congress of Entomology, Durban, South Africa.

An international cooperative effort to protect Opuntia cactus resources in the American Southwest and Mexico from the South American cactus moth, Cactoblastis cactorum - (Proceedings)

Floyd,J.; Bloem, K.A.; Bloem, S.; Carpenter J.E.; Hight S.D.; Bello, A.; Enkerlin, W. 2008. An international cooperative effort to protect Opuntia cactus resources in the Southwest and Mexico from the South American cactus moth, Cactoblastis cactorum. XXIII International Congress of Entomology, Durban, South Africa. Meeting Abstract.

Mating frequency of the male cactus moth, Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), under laboratory conditions - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Mclean, S.C., Bloem, K.A., Bloem, S., Hight, S.D., Carpenter, J.E. 2008. Mating frequency of the male cactus moth, Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), under laboratory conditions. Florida Entomologist. 90(4):751-752.

Diet flight pattern and flight performance of Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) measured on a flight mill: The influence of age, gender, mating status and body size - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Sarvary, M.A., Bloem, K.A., Bloem, S., Carpenter, J.E., Hight, S.D., Dorn, S. 2008. Diet flight pattern and flight performance of Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptea: Pyralidae) measured on a flight mill: Influence of age, gender, mating status, and body size. J. Econ. Entomol. 101(2):314-324.

CACTOBLASTIS CACTORUM STERILE INSECT TECHNIQUE VALIDATION STUDY RESULTS - (Proceedings)

Hight, S.D., Carpenter, J.E., Bloem, S., Bloem, K.A., Floyd, J.P. 2008. Cactoblastis cactorum sterile insect technique validation study results. Meeting Abstract. CESTA 2007 Research Forum. p.24-25.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE STERILE INSECT TECHNIQUE TO MANAGE AN INVASIVE INSECT PEST, CACTOBLASTIS CACTORUM, ATTACKING PRICKLY PEAR CACTUS IN QUINTANA ROO, MEXICO, AND SOUTHEASTERN USA - (Proceedings)

Hight, S.D., Carpenter, J.E., Bello, A., Zetina, R. 2007. Development of the sterile insect technique to manage an invasive insect pest, cactoblastis cactorum, attacking prickly pear cactus in Quintana Roo, Mexico, and southeastern usa. Meeting Abstract. Biological Control of Weeds throughout the Americas Symposium.

Cactoblastis cactorum Sterile Insect Technique Validation Study Results - (Abstract Only)

Hight, S.D. 2008. Cactoblastis cactorum Sterile Insect Technique Validation Study Results. International Cactoblastis Cactorum Conference, Phoenix, AZ. . Meeting Abstract.

Mating frequency of the male cactus moth Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae), under laboratory conditions - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Mclean, S.C., Bloem, K.A., Bloem, S., Hight, S.D., Carpenter, J.E. 2007. Mating frequency of the male cactus moth Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae), under laboratory conditions. Florida Entomologist. 90(04):751-752.

TURNING THE TIDE – USING THE STERILE INSECT TECHNIQUE TO MITIGATE AN UNWANTED WEED BIOCONTROL AGENT - (Abstract Only)

Hight, S.D., Carpenter, J.E., Bloem, S., Bloem, K.A. 2008. TURNING THE TIDE – USING THE STERILE INSECT TECHNIQUE TO MITIGATE AN UNWANTED WEED BIOCONTROL AGENT. International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds.

ESTABLISHMENT, SPREAD AND INITIAL IMPACTS OF GRATIANA BOLIVIANA (CHRYSOMELIDAE) ON SOLANUM VIARUM IN FLORIDA - (Proceedings)

Medal, J., Overholt, W.A., Stansly, P., Roda, A., Osborne, L., Hibbard, K., Gaskalla, R., Burns, E., Chong, J., Sellers, B., Hight, S.D., Cuda, J.P., Vitorino, M., Bredow, E., Pedrosa-Macedo, J., Wikler, C. 2008. ESTABLISHMENT, SPREAD AND INITIAL IMPACTS OF GRATIANA BOLIVIANA (CHRYSOMELIDAE) ON SOLANUM VIARUM IN FLORIDA. International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds.

PHEROMONE-BASED ATTRACTANT FOR MALES OF CACTOBLASTIS CACTORUM (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Heath, R.R., Teal, P.E., Epsky, N.D., Dueben, B.D., Hight, S.D., Bloem, S., Carpenter, J.E., Weissling, T.J., Kendra, P.E., Cibran, J. 2006. Pheromone-based attractant for males of cactoblastis cactorum (lepidoptera: pyralidae). Environmental Entomology. 35(6): 1469-1476.

DON'T LET CACTO BLAST US: DEVELOPMENT OF A BINATIONAL PLAN TO STOP THE SPREAD OF THE CACTUS MOTH, CACTOBLASTIS CACTORUM IN NORTH AMERICA - (Book / Chapter)

Bloem, K., Bloem, S., Carpenter, J., Hight, S., Floyd, J., Zimmerman, H. 2007. Don't let cacto blast us: Development of a bi-national plan to stop the spread of the cactus moth Cactoblastis cactorum in North America. In: Vreysen, M.J.B., Robinson, A.S., Hendrichs. J., editors. Area-Wide Control of Insect Pests from Research to Field Implementation. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer. p. 337-344.

Effect of temperature and length of exposure time on percent egg hatch of Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Mclean, S.C., Bloem, K.A., Bloem, S., Hight, S.D., Carpenter, J.E. 2006. Effect of temperature and length of exposure time on percent egg hatch of Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Florida Entomologist. 89(3):340-347.

Laboratory evaluation of insecticides for control of the invasive cactus moth cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Bloem, S., Mizell III, R.F., Bloem, K.A., Hight, S.D., Carpenter, J.E. 2005. Laboratory evaluation of insecticides for control of the invasive cactus moth Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Florida Entomologist. 88(4):395-400.

DEVELOPMENT OF A PHEROMONE-BASED SYNTHETIC ATTRACTANT FOR THE CACTUS MOTH - (Other)

Epsky, N.D., Dueben, B.D., Hight, S.D., Carpenter, J.E., Teal, P.E., Heath, R.R. 2005. Development of a pheromone-based synthetic attractant for the cactus moth. 88th Florida Entomological Society Annual Meeting, Ft. Myers, FL.

Developing a sterile insect release program for Cactoblastis cactorum (Berg.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) : effective overflooding ratios and release-capture field studies - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hight, S.D., Carpenter, J.E., Bloem, S., Bloem, K. 2005. Developing a sterile insect release program for Cactoblastis cactorum (Berg.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): Effective overflooding ratios and release-recapture field studies. Environmental Entomology 34:850-856.

Development of the most effective trap to monitor the presence of the cactus moth Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Bloem, S., Hight, S.D., Carpenter, J.E., Bloem, K.A. 2005. Development of the most effective trap to monitor the presence of the cactus moth Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Florida Entomologist. 88(3):300-306.

POTENTIAL USE OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL TO REGULATE CACTOBLASTIS CACTORUM - (Abstract Only)

Pemberton, R.W., Hight, S.D. 2004. Potential use of biological control to regulate cactoblastis cactorum. Meeting Proceedings.

TAXONOMY AND IDENTIFICATION OF CACTOBLASTIS CACTORIUM - (Abstract Only)

Solis, A., Hight, S.D. 2004. Taxonomy and identification of cactoblastis cactorium. Meeting Proceedings.

Brazilian peppertree - (Book / Chapter)

Cuda, J.P., Habeck, D.H., Hight, S.D., Medal, J.C., Pedrosa-Macedo, J. 2004. Brazilian peppertree. In: Combs, E.M., Clark, J.K., Piper, G.L., Cofrancesco, Jr., A.F., editors. Biological Control of Invasive Plants in the United States. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University Press. p. 439-441.

ALERT: TRACKING THE CACTUS MOTH AS IT FLYS AND EATS IT WAY WESTWARD IN THE U.S. - (Popular Publication)

Solis, M.A., Hight, S.D., Gordon, D.R. 2004. Alert: tracking the cactus moth as it flys and eats it way westward in the u.s.. News of the Lepidopterist's Society. 04/01/2004. v.46:3-4

Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) : Observations of courtship and mating behaviors at two locations on the gulf of Florida - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hight, S.D., Bloem, S., Bloem, K., Carpenter, J.E. 2003. Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): observations of courtship and mating behaviors at two locations on the gulf coast of Florida. Florida Entomologist. 85(4):400-408.

ATTACK ON AND USE OF A NATIVE HAWAIIAN PLANT BY A BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENT (TELEONEMIA SCRUPULOSA) INTRODUCED AGAINST LANTANA CAMARA. - (Proceedings)

Hight, S.D., Pemberton, R.W., Conant, P., Johnson, T. 2004. Attack on and use of a native Hawaiian plant by a biological control agent (Teleonemia scrupulosa) introduced against Lantana camara, p. 350, In Proceedings of the XI International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds. Symposium held April 27- May 2, 2003, Canberra, Australia. 2004.

OUR CHANGING PERCEPTION OF CACTOBLASTIS CACTORUM IN NORTH AMERICA - (Proceedings)

Hight, S.D., Pemberton, R.W., Bloem, K.A., Bloem, S., Carpenter, J.E. 2003. Our changing perception of cactoblastis cactorum in north america, p. 349, In Proceedings of the XI International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds. Symposium held in Canberra, Australia April 27-May 2, 2003. 2004.

BIOLOGY, HOST SPECIFICITY TESTS, AND RISK ASSESSMENT OF THE SAWFLY HETEROPERREYIA HUBRICHI, A POTENTIAL BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENT OF SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS IN HAWAII - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hight, S.D. 2003. Biology, host specificity tests, and risk assessment of the sawfly Heteroperreyia hubrichi, a potential biological control agent of Schinus terebinthifolius in hawaii. Biocontrol. 48:461-476.

DEVELOPMENT OF A TRAPPING SYSTEM FOR THE CACTUS MOTH - (Abstract Only)

Weissling, T.J., Carpenter, J.E., Bloem, K.A., Epsky, N.D., Heath, R.R., Teal, P.E., Dueben, B.D., Hight, S.D. 2002. Development of a Trapping System for the Cactus Moth. National Meeting of Entomological Society Of America.

EXPANDING GEOGRAPHICAL RANGE OF CACTOBLASTIS CACTORUM (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) IN NORTH AMERICA - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hight, S.D., Carpenter, J.E., Bloem, K., Bloem, S., Pemberton, R.W. Stiling, P. 2002. Expanding geographical range of Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in North America. Florida Entomologist. 85(3):527-529.

BRAZILIAN PEPPERTREE (SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS RADDI) - (Book / Chapter)

Hight, S.D., Cuda, J.P., Medal, J.C. 2002. Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolius raddi). In Van Driesche, R.G., Blossey, B.,Hoddle, M., Lyon, S., Reardon, R., editors. Biological Control of Invasive Plants in the Eastern United States. USDA Forest Service, FHTET-2002-04, Morgantown, WV. p. 311-321.

Host specificity and risk assessment of Heteroperreyia hubrichi, a potential classical biological control agent of Christmasberry (Schinus terebinthifolius) in Hawaii - (Proceedings)

Hight, S.D. 2002. Host specificity and risk assessment of Heteroperreyia hubrichi, a potential classical biological control agent of christmasberry (Schinus terebinthifolius) in Hawaii. Proceedings of a Workshop on Biological Control of Invasive Plants in Native Hawaiian Ecosystems, Technical Report 129. p. 29-43.

Last Modified: 05/24/2013

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